Lung metastasis at initial presentation in a 3 year old girl with stage IV Wilms tumor

Usoro UU; Akinola RA; Ekpe EE; Fasan-Odunsi A

doi:10.61386/imj.v16i3.340

Authors

Usoro UU Department of Radiology, University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria
Akinola RA Department of Radiology, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
Ekpe EE Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
Fasan-Odunsi A Department of Radiology, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61386/imj.v16i3.340

Keywords:

Wilm’s tumour, nephrobastoma, lung metastasis, stage IV

Abstract

Background: Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) is a malignant pediatric tumor that arises from mesodermal embryological precursors of renal parenchyma. Lung metastasis as the first presentation of nephroblastoma occurs in 20% of cases. However, haematogenous spread to the lungs or to regional lymphnodes from a previously diagnosed nephroblastoma occurs in of 85% of cases.

Case report: A 3-year old girl presented at children emergency unit with cough and weight loss. Examination revealed an emaciated child, with a huge, right sided abdominal mass. Abdominal ultrasound scan showed a heterogenous, spherical mass with irregular anechoic areas and echogenic solid areas in kidney. Chest radiograph revealed bilateral cannon ball opacities. A diagnosis of nephroblastoma with lung metastasis was made. She underwent combined therapy but relapsed one year later.